MOUSSA NA ABOU Mamouda, Cheikh DIOP (2010), Climate Change Adaptation and Food Insecurity in Maradi District - Niger, ICID+18, August 16-20, 2010, Fortaleza - Ceará, Brazil : 18p.
Résumé (par le Hub Rural) :
Les petits fermiers des pays en développement qui souffrent de la faim durant de longues périodes ont des difficultés à s’adapter au changement climatique. Ainsi l’insécurité alimentaire est-elle le premier frein à l’adoption de pratiques d’adaptation par les petits agriculteurs. C’est ce que nous montre cette étude sur le district de Maradi au Niger.
Résumé (par les auteurs) :
In Maradi district (Niger), more than 80% of the population is composed of farmers practicing a rain fed agriculture. However, because of climate variability and changes, rainfall has become uncertain, either coming too early, too late, too much or too little. On the other hand, seasons are becoming shorter and annual temperatures more extreme. During previous field visit and survey in January 2007 among Maradi district communities (Tibiri, Maradawa and Gabi), an alarming report stated the following : over 50% of interviewed farmers said that they entirely consume their harvest just after three months ! During the remaining nine months in the year and before the next harvest, these communities used to develop small irrigation and income generating activities from fruit and vegetables they produced. But, because of climate variability and change, these farmers are facing a tremendous challenge in fetching surface and ground water for irrigation. As a result, any adaptation strategy via irrigation became so costly (mainly because of high oil prices
and difficult access to energy services) that it is out of many small farmers’ reach. In order to ensure their food security, these communities generally settle for some coping mechanisms including social networking, solidarity and alternative livelihoods, small-scale irrigation or migration. However, irrigation has become less productive because of water carcity and higher minimum.
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